The most enduring contribution of the 1984 Guidelines for Geographic Education has been the articulation of the five fundamental themes of geography: 1) location; 2) place; 3) relationships within places (human-environmental interaction); 4) relationships between places (movement); and 5) regions. The five themes have become an integral element of social studies education, appearing in all geography textbooks and most social studies programs as a context for geographic education. They also serve as the content organizer for geography education in the schools and for in-service teacher training in the National Geographic Society's system of statewide alliances. New ideas in geography education and new research in spatial thinking makes it time to revisit the five themes. This 2-hour virtual session will provide an overview of the five themes and how teachers and help student conceptualize geographic information and engage in spatial reasoning.